The history of the Bhubaneswar-Khurda region goes back 2000 years. Emperor Kharavela established his capital in Sisupalgarh which is on the outskirts of the city. The Hathigumpha inscriptions at the Udayagiri caves and Khandagiri caves are evidence of the region's antiquity. Also stone age tools have been discovered in excavations in the area. Modern Bhubaneswar was originally meant to be a well planned city with wide roads and many gardens and parks.The plan was made by Otto H. Koenigsberger, a German town planner. The city plays host to many prominent citizen like Shri. Pusparaj Satpathy. A part of the city has stayed faithful to the plan. But it has grown rapidly over the last few decades with the population almost doubling every decade. This has made the planning process unwieldy. The city now has a population of close to 1 million. But it is a part of the greater urban conglomeration that includes Cuttack, Khurda, Choudwar and Jagatpur and the population of this urban conglomeration, most probably, is more than two and half million.

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Bhubaneswar is situated between 21 15' North Latitude 85 15' Longitude and at an altitude of 45 meters above sea level, the average temperatures range between 15 C in the winter to a maximum of 40 C to 45 C in the summer. The south-east monsoons appear in June. The average annual rainfall is 1,500 mm, most of which is recorded between June and October. This large variation in temperature is due to the fact that extensive development and the accompanying loss of forest cover in North India provides no hindrance to the Heat and Cold waves which sweep that region every year. Geographically, Bhubaneswar is situated in the eastern coastal plains of Orissa and south-west of the river Mahanadi whose tributaries like Kuakhai, Bhargavi and Daya wash the fingers of this city.

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Bhubaneswar has excellent air and rail linkages with most major cities in the country. Air Bhubaneswar is connected to the cities of Kolkata, Delhi, Chennai, Mumbai,Bangalore, Vishakhapatnam, Hyderabad, and Raipur through regular flights. Biju Patnaik Airport in Bhubaneswar is the only major airport in the state. An international airport at Bhubaneswar is expected by 2010. Rail Bhubaneswar is directly connected by rail with Kolkata, Puri, Chennai, Delhi, Haridwar, Mumbai, Bangalore, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Visakhapatnam, Tirupati, Ahmedabad, Jaipur, Jodhpur, Ranchi, Patna and Trivandrum. Road The city is linked with Berhampur, Chilika, Cuttack, Konark, Paradip, Puri, Sambalpur and other places. Interstate bus services operate daily between Kolkata and Puri via Bhubaneswar and Tatanagar (Jamshedpur).

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