At the turn of the nineteenth century, the Tatas wanted to build a steel plant in India. Jamshedji Tata went to Pittsburgh and asked geologist Charles Page Perin to help him find the site to build his dream - India?s first steel plant. The search for a site rich in the resources needed for the plant, namely iron, coal, limestone and water began in April 1904 in today?s Madhya Pradesh. The prospectors who were C M Weld, Dorab Tata and Shapurji Saklatvala took nearly three years of painstaking looking across vast stretches of inhospitable terrain for the perfect location. One day, almost by accident they came across a village called Sakchi(now part of Tatanagar), on the densely forested stretches of the Chhota Nagpur plateau, near the confluence of the Subarnarekha and Kharkai rivers. It seemed to be the ideal choice and the place was selected.

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Jamshedpur is located at 22.8° N 86.18° E. It has an average elevation of 135 metres (442 feet). Jamshedpur is located in a hilly region, and it's terrain is quite uneven. It receives about 1200 mm of rainfall annually.As of 2001 India census, Jamshedpur had a population of 1.1 million. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Jamshedpur has an average literacy rate of 76%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 81%, and female literacy is 71%. In Jamshedpur, 11% of the population is under 6 years of age. The conversational language is Hindi, though the city itself is cosmopolitan in nature. The main ethnic groups are Biharis, Adivasis and Bengalis, however there are a large number of Punjabis, Oriyas and South Indians as well. The major festivals are Deepavali, Holi, Durga Puja (Dussehra), Id-ul-fitr. Adivasis celebrate 'Tusu', Biharis celebrate Chhat and Bengalis celebrate Durga Puja.

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Jamshedpur is home to the first private Iron and Steel company of India, Tata Steel, and is commonly called "Tata" as a result of the company's significant presence. The areas surrounding Jamshedpur are rich in minerals, including iron ore, coal, manganese and lime. Some of these areas are Jamadoba, Noamundi and West Bokaro. It is a modern, industrial city; the main industries being iron and steel, truck manufacturing, tinplate production, cement and other small and medium scale industries revolving around these products. The largest factory is that of Tata Steel (the erstwhile TISCO), and it is situated almost at the center of the city. Tata steel is the biggest iron and steel producing plant in India, as well as the oldest. Plans have been made for the expansion of Tata Steel's existing plant at Jamshedpur from 5 million tonnes per annum to 10 million tonnes per annum. The steel plant still covers around a fourth of the land area of Jamshedpur, and has two inland water lakes.

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